AMERICA'S TERRORIST NUCLEAR THREAT TO ITSELF
By Harvey Wasserman
No sane nation hands to a wartime enemy atomic weapons set to go off within its own homeland, and then lights the fuse.
Yet as the bombs and missiles drop on Afghanistan, the certainty of terror retaliation inside America has turned our 103 nuclear power plants into weapons of apocalyptic destruction, just waiting to be used against us.
One or both planes that crashed into the World Trade Center on September 11, could have easily obliterated the two atomic reactors now operating at Indian Point, about 40 miles up the Hudson.
The catastrophic devastation would have been unfathomable. But those and a
hundred other American reactors are still running. Security has been
heightened. But all are vulnerable to another sophisticated terror attack
aimed at perpetrating the unthinkable.
Indian Point Unit One was shut long ago by public outcry. But Units 2 & 3
have operated since the 1970s. Back then there was talk of requiring reactor
containment domes to be strong enough to withstand a jetliner crash. But the
biggest jets were far smaller than the ones that fly today. Nor did those
early calculations account for the jet fuel whose hellish fire melted the
critical steel supports that ultimately brought down the Trade Center.
Had one or both those jets hit one or both the operating reactors at Indian
Point, the ensuing cloud of radiation would have dwarfed the ones at
Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Three Mile Island and Chernobyl.
The intense radioactive heat within today's operating reactors is the hottest
anywhere on the planet. So are the hellish levels of radioactivity.
Because Indian Point has operated so long, its accumulated radioactive burden
far exceeds that of Chernobyl, which ran only four years before it exploded.
Some believe the WTC jets could have collapsed or breached either of the
Indian Point containment domes. But at very least the massive impact and
intense jet fuel fire would destroy the human ability to control the plants'
functions. Vital cooling systems, backup power generators and communications
networks would crumble.
Indeed, Indian Point Unit One was shut because activists warned that its lack
of an emergency core cooling system made it an unacceptable risk. The
government ultimately agreed.
But today terrorist attacks could destroy those same critical cooling and
control systems that are vital to not only the Unit Two and Three reactor
cores, but to the spent fuel pools that sit on site.
The assault would not require a large jet. The safety systems are extremely
complex and virtually indefensible. One or more could be wiped out with a
wide range of easily deployed small aircraft, ground-based weapons, truck
bombs or even chemical/biological assaults aimed at the operating work force.
Dozens of US reactors have repeatedly failed even modest security tests over
the years. Even heightened wartime standards cannot guarantee protection of
the vast, supremely sensitive controls required for reactor safety.
Without continous monitoring and guaranteed water flow, the thousands of tons
of radioactive rods in the cores and the thousands more stored in those
fragile pools would rapidly melt into super-hot radioactive balls of lava
that would burn into the ground and the water table and, ultimately, the
Hudson.
Indeed, a jetcrash like the one on 9/11 or other forms of terrorist assault
at Indian Point could yield three infernal fireballs of molten radioactive
lava burning through the earth and into the aquifer and the river. Striking
water they would blast gigantic billows of horribly radioactive steam into
the atmosphere. Prevailing winds from the north and west might initially
drive these clouds of mass death downriver into New York City and east into
Westchester and Long Island.
But at Three Mile Island and Chernobyl, winds ultimately shifted around the
compass to irradiate all surrounding areas with the devastating poisons
released by the on-going fiery torrent. At Indian Point, thousands of square
miles would have been saturated with the most lethal clouds ever created or
imagined, depositing relentless genetic poisons that would kill forever.
In nearby communities like Buchanan, Nyack, Monsey and scores more, infants
and small children would quickly die en masse. Virtually all pregnant women
would spontaneously abort, or ultimately give birth to horribly deformed
offspring. Ghastly sores, rashes, ulcerations and burns would afflict the
skin of millions. Emphysema, heart attacks, stroke, multiple organ failure,
hair loss, nausea, inability to eat or drink or swallow, diarrhea and
incontinance, sterility and impotence, asthma, blindness, and more would
kill thousands on the spot, and doom hundreds of thousands if not millions.
A terrible metallic taste would afflict virtually everyone downwind in New
York, New Jersey and New England, a ghoulish curse similar to that endured by
the fliers who dropped the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagaskai, by those
living downwind from nuclear bomb tests in the south seas and Nevada, and by
victims caught in the downdrafts from Three Mile Island and Chernobyl.
Then comes the abominable wave of cancers, leukemias, lymphomas, tumors and
hellish diseases for which new names will have to be invented, and new
dimensions of agony will beg description.
Indeed, those who survived the initial wave of radiation would envy those who
did not.
Evacuation would be impossible, but thousands would die trying. Bridges and
highways would become killing fields for those attempting to escape to
destinations that would soon enough become equally deadly as the winds
shifted.
Attempts to quench the fires would be futile. At Chernobyl, pilots flying
helicopters that dropped boron on the fiery core died in droves. At Indian
Point, such missions would be a sure ticket to death. Their utility would be
doubtful as the molten cores rage uncontrolled for days, weeks and years,
spewing ever more devastation into the eco-sphere. More than 800,000 Soviet
draftees were forced through Chernobyl's seething remains in a futile attempt
to clean it up. They are dying in droves. Who would now volunteer for such
an American task force?
The radioactive cloud from Chernobyl blanketed the vast Ukraine and Belarus
landscape, then carried over Europe and into the jetstream, surging through
the west coast of the United States within ten days, carrying across our
northern tier, circling the globe, then coming back again.
The radioactive clouds from Indian Point would enshroud New York, New Jersey,
New England, and carry deep into the Atlantic and up into Canada and across
to Europe and around the globe again and again.
The immediate damage would render thousands of the world's most populous and
expensive square miles permanently uninhabitable. All five boroughs of New
York City would be an apocalyptic wasteland. The World Trade Center would be
rendered as unusable and even more lethal by a jet crash at Indian Point than
it was by the direct hits of 9/11. All real estate and economic value would
be poisonously radioactive throughout the entire region. Irreplaceable
trillions in human capital would be forever lost.
As at Three Mile Island, where thousands of farm and wild animals died in
heaps, and as at Chernobyl, where soil, water and plant life have been
hopelessly irradiated, natural eco-systems on which human and all other life
depends would be permanently and irrevocably destroyed,
Spiritually, psychologically, financially, ecologically, our nation would
never recover.
This is what we missed by a mere forty miles near New York City on September
11. Now that we are at war, this is what could be happening as you read
this.
There are 103 of these potential Bombs of the Apocalypse now operating in the
United States. They generate just 18% of America's electricity, just 8% of
our total energy. As with reactors elsewhere, the two at Indian Point have
both been off-line for long periods of time with no appreciable impact on
life in New York. Already an extremely expensive source of electricity, the
cost of attempting to defend these reactors will put nuclear energy even
further off the competitive scale.
Since its deregulation crisis, California---already the nation's second-most
efficient state---cut further into its electric consumption by some 15%.
Within a year the US could cheaply replace virtually with increased
efficiency all the reactors now so much more expensive to operate and
protect.
Yet, as the bombs fall and the terror escalates, Congress is fast-tracking a
form of legal immunity to protect the operators of reactors like Indian Point
from liability in case of a meltdown or terrorist attack.
Why is our nation handing its proclaimed enemies the weapons of our own mass
destruction, and then shielding from liability the companies that insist on
continuing to operate them?
Do we take this war seriously? Are we committed to the survival of our
nation?
If so, the ticking reactor bombs that could obliterate the very core of our
life and of all future generations must be shut down.
----------
Harvey Wasserman is author of THE LAST ENERGY WAR and co-author of KILLING
OUR OWN: THE DISASTER OF AMERICA'S EXPERIENCE WITH ATOMIC RADIATION. He is a senior advisor to NIRS.
*please circulate & reprint*